@Jackal: Apologies for not replying sooner. For the long file names, there is a current limitation with encrypted file systems where the maximum filename is limited to only 143 characters. Please see here (https://bugs.launchpad.net/ecryptfs/+bug/344878) for details. Unfortunately since this is a limitation of the underlying file system we have no control over it.
For the truecrypt volume, the user that Insync is running as might not have enough permissions to access it. Please confirm.
For the two step verification, please send your logs to support@insynchq.com for investigation: How to find the log files.